La Incidencia de las Inferencias en la Comprensión del Discurso Escrito

Abstract

This monograph focuses on the study of inferences and it’s direct relation to the understanding of written speech; an object that although it has been studied during the second half of the twentieth century, with various and important theoretical and empirical works, it hasn’t been considered in current reflections about reading comprehension, specially if we think in the continuing problem of low levels of reading comprehension by students from different educational levels. Therefore, this research has as it’s main objective, to prove the incidence that inferences have in different mechanisms involved in reading comprehension, through some different theoretical and methodological aspects given by authors such as León (2003), Martínez (2004), Cisneros (2010) and Sánchez (1999), specially when they think them as one of the pillars of human cognition and a very important part of reading and understanding written texts, as long as an important process to overcome limits of literalism and “paráfrasis” process. In a first moment, we make a description of the problem referred to low levels of reading comprehension, as wel as the explanation of its main causes, considerated as a starting point for the development of this research. Afer that, we make a brief but detailed explanation of what implies and means read and understand written texts, key notions to locate and identify the role of inferences in the processing and interaction of informations, as well as a description of its main aspects (definition, main characteristics and taxonomies). As a third moment, we make a procedimental exercise that seeks the application of research categories in the analysis of a real learning situation that involves undestanding an argumentative-explanatory text that led point out as the final part of this work its main results and conclusions.