Comparativa entre los efectos de los desequilibrios de tensión sobre los motores de inducción trifásicos cuando se utilizan las definiciones dadas por la IEEE, IEC y NEMA.

Abstract

Three-phase Induction Motors are electromechanical machines highly reliable and efficient, but susceptible to different electrical disturbances such as voltage unbalances, which are difficult to mitigate disturbance, which can bring problems at industrial level, and in turn cause monetary losses. Therefore it is required to analyze its behavior and the impact of voltage unbalances on the Three-phase Induction Motors. To quantify these unbalances in a power grid, there are four methods for calculating given by: NEMA (National Electrical Manufacturers Association), IEEE (The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) and IEC (International Electro technical Commission). But each one of these calculates differently the voltage unbalances and for a same condition of unbalance may occur varying percentages of voltage unbalance according with the standard used. This can create a problem when devices have been designed for international use. For this reason, a total of 29977 cases of voltage unbalances, were determined to compare and analyze the possible differences in the effects caused on the Three-phase Induction Motors on the variables: mechanical torque, speed, current and efficiency, when these are calculated by international standards.