Reducción del campo eléctrico en zona de servidumbre de líneas de transmisión aéreas mediante optimización con algoritmo de senos y cosenos

Abstract

This research develops a methodology to reduce low-frequency electric field intensity in overhead transmission lines by implementing the Sine Cosine Algorithm (SCA), addressing concerns regarding potential health and environmental effects. Using the "TL-Field Optimizer" tool created in MATLAB, the algorithm optimizes the geometric placement of phase conductors. This proposal was evaluated across single- and double-circuit configurations, compared against conventional techniques and other algorithms (PSO and ALO), and validated with high precision using the Finite Element Method (FEM) in COMSOL Multiphysics. The results demonstrate that geometric optimization using the SCA effectively reduces the electric field within the right-of-way across all analyzed scenarios. This alternative not only ensures strict compliance with regulatory exposure limits but also aligns proactively with the Precautionary Principle, offering a viable technical solution in the face of scientific uncertainty regarding the long-term biological effects of these fields.