Pronóstico de la esperanza de vida para la población de Colombia utilizando machine learning

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dc.contributor.advisorSalcedo Parra , Octavio José
dc.contributor.authorPeralta Hernández, Angie Estefanía
dc.contributor.orcidSalcedo Parra, Octavio José [0000-0002-0767-8522]
dc.date.accessioned2025-05-15T16:30:49Z
dc.date.available2025-05-15T16:30:49Z
dc.date.created2025-02-28
dc.descriptionIntroducción: Este estudio evaluó la esperanza de vida en Colombia, analizando los determinantes sociodemográficos, macroeconómicos y de salud mediante algoritmos de machine learning para identificar patrones significativos en los datos. Objetivo: Pronosticar la esperanza de vida en Colombia utilizando modelos de machine learning basados en factores socioeconómicos y demográficos. Materiales y métodos: Se desarrolló un modelo dinámico de esperanza de vida mediante algoritmos de machine learning, integrando variables de demografía, economía y salud, superando las limitaciones de las tablas de mortalidad tradicionales. Resultados: El modelo Gradient Boosting Machines mostró la mayor precisión, proporcionando proyecciones confiables a nivel nacional y por género. Los resultados ofrecen un panorama integral sobre la evolución de la esperanza de vida en Colombia y sus principales determinantes. Conclusión: La esperanza de vida en Colombia está influenciada por factores demográficos, económicos, educativos y de salud. Es esencial implementar políticas públicas que reduzcan las desigualdades estructurales y garanticen servicios esenciales, especialmente en comunidades rurales y vulnerables.
dc.description.abstractIntroduction: This study evaluated life expectancy in Colombia, analyzing sociodemographic, macroeconomic, and health determinants using machine learning algorithms to identify significant patterns in the data. Objective: To forecast life expectancy in Colombia using machine learning models based on socioeconomic and demographic factors. Materials and Methods: A dynamic life expectancy model was developed using machine learning algorithms, integrating variables related to demography, economy, and health, thus overcoming the limitations of traditional mortality tables. Results: The Gradient Boosting Machines model demonstrated the highest accuracy, providing reliable projections at both the national and gender levels. The results offer a comprehensive overview of the evolution of life expectancy in Colombia and its main determinants. Conclusion: Life expectancy in Colombia is influenced by demographic, economic, educational, and health factors. It is essential to implement public policies aimed at reducing structural inequalities and ensuring essential services, particularly in rural and vulnerable communities.
dc.format.mimetypepdf
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11349/95509
dc.language.isospa
dc.publisherUniversidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas
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dc.rights.accesoAbierto (Texto Completo)
dc.rights.accessrightsOpenAccess
dc.subjectEsperanza de vida
dc.subjectMortalidad
dc.subjectPronóstico
dc.subjectFactores demográficos
dc.subject.keywordLife expectancy
dc.subject.keywordMortality
dc.subject.keywordForecasting
dc.subject.keywordDemographic factors
dc.subject.lembMaestría en Ciencias de la Información y las Comunicaciones -- Tesis y disertaciones académicas
dc.subject.lembLongevidad
dc.subject.lembInteligencia artificial
dc.subject.lembDemografía
dc.subject.lembPolíticas públicas
dc.titlePronóstico de la esperanza de vida para la población de Colombia utilizando machine learning
dc.title.alternativePronóstico esperanza de vida en Colombia
dc.title.titleenglishLife expectancy forecast for the population of Colombia using machine learning
dc.typemasterThesis
dc.type.degreeMonografía
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis

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