Diagnóstico del manejo del recurso hídrico para uso doméstico e industrial en el Campo Quifa y propuesta de aprovechamiento de aguas lluvias

Abstract

First, a characterization of the existing water system was conducted in order to gain a more detailed understanding of its operation. Based on this characterization, a diagnosis of the domestic component was carried out, analyzing water collection systems, consumption records, resource traceability, treated water quality, among other components. For the industrial component, the main management strategies for produced water and industrial wastewater were evaluated, including treatment, reinjection, reuse, and disposal through authorized third parties and systems. Subsequently, historical precipitation records from the selected meteorological station for the 2006–2025 period were analyzed to establish temporal precipitation patterns and determine periods of higher and lower water availability. The results showed an average annual precipitation of 2.322 mm/year, which made it possible to estimate a potential rainwater supply of approximately 8.438.28 m³/year for the considered catchment surfaces. The diagnostic results showed that the current system has strengths in meeting water demand, as well as adequate water quality, continuity, and service coverage. However, opportunities for improvement were also identified, particularly regarding dependence on groundwater and water resource traceability. Through the conceptual application of the Water Pinch model, a rainwater utilization potential of 8.438.28 m³/year was estimated, equivalent to approximately 72.79% of the groundwater demand supplied to the boilers at Battery 04. Finally, a conceptual proposal for rainwater harvesting was developed to complement the existing water supply system, optimize the use of water resources, and reduce dependence on groundwater sources for uses compatible with the operational conditions of the Quifa Field.