Evaluación de la variación en perfiles cromatográficos, capacidad antioxidante y actividad antifúngica de especímenes silvestres de agraz

Abstract

Plants belonging to the genus Vaccinium are widely used because of their medicinal properties. Vaccinium is one of the most important genera of the family Ericaceae; The subfamily Vaccinioideae, tribe Vaccinieae comprises about 36 sections and reaches 450 species, most of which are found on open slopes of tropical mountains. Twenty-eight ethanolic extracts of leaves and stems belonging to the species Vaccinium meridionale were evaluated, initially the chemical profile was determined through quantification of phenols (CFT), flavonoids (FL) and free radical scavenging capacity (CCRL). Fourteen aqueous extracts of the fruits were initially evaluated; the chemical profile was determined through quantification of phenols (CFT), anthocyanins (AT) and free radical scavenging capacity (CCRL); Finally twenty - eight aqueous extracts of leaves and stems were evaluated by means of a microscale method of medium supplemented against Fusarium oxysporum, agent that causes vascular wilt in economically important plants such as tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), banana (Musa paradisiaca) and carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus ); The extracts were profiled using LC-DAD. Chromatographic analysis of the extracts indicated the presence of particular compounds in some of these, as is the case of flavonoids, anthocyanins and some proanthocinidins; A multivariate principal component analysis (PCA) of the complete chromatographic profiles shows some conglomerates. These confirm the similarity of the extracts mainly with respect to the composition of those coming from wood and bark, which is not possible to see with a direct comparison of the obtained chromatograms or spectrum. The correlation between antifungal activity and antioxidant capacity (as a monitoring variable) and chromatographic data was carried out by means of a partial least squares regression (OPLS). This analysis allowed us to find some groups of signals that have a high correlation with the activity which were identified tentatively.