Evaluación de la incidencia de los microorganismos Aerotransportados por la lluvia horizontal del Salto del Tequendama (Cundinamarca, colombia) sobre la microbiota del suelo adyacente a la caída de agua

Abstract

The research proyect lied in characterizing the airborne and sedimented microorganisms on the soil, that comes from the Bogota river by action of the horizontal rain generated in the Salto del Tequendama waterfall and evaluating its possible effect on the microbial communities and the edaphic microbiological equilibrium adjacent to the Salto. For the above were sampled the environmental components water, air and soil in five (5) stations, three (3) representative the area of study, among them two (2) upstream and downstream as check point, isolating, identifying and using thus, in antagonistic trials, 6 bacterias of interest because of their ubiquity, allowing to detect the changes in their concentration, and their direct relationship with the river contamination: Salmonella typhimurium, Shigella sp., Escherichia coli, Pseudomona aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis and Staphylococcus aureus; and 5 fungus that by their macroscopic and microscopic characteristics they could be isolated and identified: Fusarium sp., Penicillium sp., Verticillium sp., Trichoderma sp., and Aspergillus sp., that presented some percentage inhibition of the micelial growth to be faced with the airborne pathogenic bacterias. Also, it were reported the UFC of microorganisms found in total by sampling station for each of the 3 environmental components, getting a direct relationship between the distance of the Salto del Tequendama and microbial concentration in the air that tends to change with the action of forest, geomorphological and meteorological variables in the study area. Likewise, when comparing these concentrations in air with the present in water and soil are evident the aerotransport and the sedimentation processes that support the microorganisms from the Bogota river. From the above recollected information, processed and analyzed, were inferred preliminarily the possible environmental impacts on the microbiota of the soil and the environmental effects on the fog forest ecosystem and the agricultural coverage, being the most significant impact the alteration of ecosystems and crops productivity.