Maestría en Ciencias de la Información y las Comunicaciones
URI permanente para esta colecciónhttp://hdl.handle.net/11349/18
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Ítem Actualización de todos los caminos más cortos en grafos dinámicos con inserción de arcos.Verbel De Leon, Arturo; Rojas Galeano, SergioMany activities of modern day living operate on the basis of graph structures that change over time (e.g. social networks, city traffic navigation, disease transmission paths). Hence, the problem of dynamically maintaining properties of such structures after modifying one of its edges (or links), specially for large-scale graphs, has received a great amount of attention in recent years. We address the particular case of updating all-pairs shortest distances upon \emph{incremental} changes, i.e. re-computing shortest distances among all the nodes of a graph when a new or smaller shortcut between two nodes arises. We build upon the naive algorithm that visits all pairs of nodes comparing if the new shortcut shortens the distances, and propose a simple variation that instead chooses pairs of source and target nodes, only from the \emph{affected} shortest paths. The new algorithm works with an optimal data structure, constant query time and worst-case $O(n^2)$ update cost, although our results on synthetic datasets hints at its practicality when compared with state-of-the-art approaches.Ítem Ajuste estadístico a modelos de propagación para redes móvilesChávez Sánchez, Rodolfo Enrique; Pedraza, Luis FernandoThe research proposes a statistical adjustment to the propagation models for mobile networks in the GSM band, the method using a mathematical relationship and graphic representation of different variables to estimate standard error, the precision and accuracy of data are propagation models most known, in order to improve the quality of data analysis and the results of loss of signal in the environment of a city such as Bogotá D.C. The adjustment allow get results for design of mobile networks in GSM band; also find new spectral opportunities in microcells with 300m coverage, considering buildings and their losses. The models analyzed are Okumura Hata, Stanford University Interim (SUI) and COST 231 Walfisch Ikegami.Ítem Algoritmo de compresión para la detección del segmento st de una señal electrocardiográfica fetal basado en la transformada wavelet y umbralización multinivelJiménez Pinto, Gonzalo; Rivas Trujillo, EdwinPresentation of lossless compression algorithm based on the selection of the mother wavelet transform and multilevel thresholding for ST segment detection.Ítem Algoritmo genético paralelo implementado en GPU para la solución del problema de asignación cuadrática multiobjetivoPupiales Arévalo, Andrés; Poveda Chaves, Roberto Manuel; Poveda Chaves, Roberto Manuel [0000-0002-6694-7673]This work presents the research results for the design and parallel implementation of the NSGA-II algorithm, combined with an adaptation of the Greedy 2-opt local search heuristic for solving Multiobjective Quadratic Assignment Problems (mQAP). , for its acronym in English). The algorithm was implemented in CUDA C++ using an RTX 2060 Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), to exploit the hardware parallelism offered by this device. The test instances addressed for the evaluation of the algorithm and its implementation correspond to representative cases from the literature.Ítem Análisis de desempeño del algoritmo criptográfico PRESENT usando plataformas embebidas hardware y softwareJacinto Gómez, Edwar; Martínez Sarmiento, Fredy HernánModern cryptography is strongly influenced by principles of security, and is widely used in portable devices that require some level of privacy. These design compromises are achieved not only by the use of high-performance hardware, which has been the current natural tendency, but also for the implementation of lightweight high performance algorithms, such as the Present algorithm. The Present algorithm is a lightweight block encryption scheme relatively new, not infringed to date, and with features that make it interesting for implementation in embedded hardware and software. This work presents the study, design, implementation and testing of this cipher algorithm, where the theoretical concepts are shown, and metrics for different implementations to identify the strengths of each type of embedded implementation are discussed.Ítem Análisis de los servicios de posicionamiento en tiempo real disponibles en Colombia, aplicables al mejoramiento de datos GNSS en proyectos de barrido predial masivoCortes Buitrago, Omar; Torres Suárez, Edilberto; Franco Prieto, Carlos AndrésGeoreferencing techniques supported by real-time differential correction systems - RTDCS, have evolved from transmission by radio-modems, through RTCM message transmission services (Radio Technical Commission for Maritime Services) or native files using the Internet to the offer of transmission services for these corrections via satellite. According to the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean - ECLAC, as of 2018 45.5% of the population accesses the Internet; meanwhile the vast rural areas still await the promised connectivity. These conditions extrapolated to Colombia, oblige the evaluation of these services. The private alternatives available in Colombia (offer, coverage, technical characteristics and availability) will be explored, contrasting them with the real-time services that the Agustín Codazzi Geographical Institute – ACGI is implementing. As a result of this analysis, the ACGI seeks to suggest strategies that support the validation of the results in coordinates obtained through the application of different alternatives to the ACGI real-time services, in the Massive Property Sweep processes contemplated in the document: Council National Economic and Social Policy - CONPES 3958 of 2019.Ítem Análisis de precipitaciones con modelos predictivos a partir de la interrelación de series de tiempo y geoestadística para el Departamento de CundinamarcaRayo Bermúdez, Karen Yulieth; Melo Martínez, Carlos EduardoThe current situation referring to climatic fluctuations and variabilities can be analyzed from statistical processes which allow the treatment of meteorological information. In this specific case, the study proposes the analysis of monthly rainfall measured in the department of Cundinamarca, in the period of time from 2000 to 2018, this to determine the behavior in that period and establish a predictive model that fits it. To this end, it is intended to determine a methodology based on the interrelation of geostatistics and time series, with the purpose of establishing if the exercise leads to a good practice for the analysis of the behavior of precipitation. Based on the above, trend analyses and estimators allow the realization of predictions related to the precipitation study variable, with the purpose of improving the quality of the information and that it can be interpreted in the best way.Ítem Análisis e implementación de arquitectura para monitoreo de uso de tableros en QuickSight AWS. Caso de estudio - BlackBoard DataArias Forero, Juan David; Puerto Leguizamón, Gustavo AdolfoThe outstanding surge of EdTech products boosted by the technology available, the world pandemic, and a change of paradigm from traditional education, have brought tons of data to be processed, filtered, and transformed. However, there is a lack of analysis about the usage that users (clients) made of learning analytics products, which means, EdTech companies are focusing on the analytics products but have set aside the monitoring of their product effectiveness and real adoption. This project presents the implementation of an ETL architecture adjusted for monitoring the usage of analytics reports applied in a case study in an EdTech company. The process takes data and metadata from interaction with Quicksight dashboards and presents the information in a new dashboard with data visualizations, going through three different stages. This implementation is intended to present information about dashboard usage and provide a tool to improve operational efficiency based on tracking data.Ítem Análisis exploratorio espacio-temporal de la delincuencia en Colombia asociada al hurto de vehículos entre los años 2010-2019 mediante la integración de técnicas de minería de datos, Geoestadística y SIGGonzález Buitrago, Gabriel Hernán; Castillo Méndez, Luis EduardoIn this document, an exploratory spatiotemporal analysis of the criminal acts that occurred in Colombia associated with vehicle thefts between 2010 to 2019 is carried out through the integration of data mining techniques, Geostatistics and Geographic Information Systems with the aim of identifying relationships between variables associated with historical complaints, characterize the crime and determine the areas where the attention of the State should be prioritized. The research is based on the scientific method and is segmented into the observation phase, where an exploratory analysis of the data is carried out, followed by the experimentation phase comprised by the use of data mining techniques, Geostatistics and statistical modeling on the data. Tools such as the K-means algorithm, decision trees, the calculation of the Moran I statistic and a counting model allow us to understand the behavior of this crime at the municipal level.Ítem Análisis multi-temporal del proceso erosivo mediante imágenes digitalesReyes Gómez, Iván Andrés; Riaño Melo, OrlandoThe present work has as objective the study, treatment, evaluation and erosive modeling of the surface that allows the execution of thematic cartography of the area of the municipality of Mosquera. Using satellite imagery of Landsat 7, Landsat 8, Spot and Rapideye. Where image fusion is initially performed, this allows for increasing the spatial resolution of the image by calculating principal component analysis. Then the classification of use and coverings of the soil in images by means of the algorithm of vector support machines is carried out. Finally, the incorporation to a geographic information system (GIS) for the identification, geoprocessing, modeling, analysis of the erosive processes and the generation of the final graphic outputs was carried out. It was found that the model of soil loss through geographic information systems quantifies the location of the erosive process, such as: very severe, severe, moderate or low, the methodology proposed is simple and is a first approximation To the solution of the detection of eroded areas.Ítem Análisis multitemporal mediante árboles de decisiòn de un derrame de crudo y su impacto ambiental en la Zona de Cubará Boyacá - ColombiaCortés Buitrago, Walter Andrés; Medina Daza, Rubén JavierThis grade work presents the implementation of a methodology based on supervised classification of satellite images, through the algorithm of decision trees and multitemporal analysis, to quantify the environmental damage caused by geotechnical and third-party threats to the integrity of the ducts. Having said the above, the objective will be to detect and quantify the effects on water bodies from oil spills in the Arauca river basin of the Cubará municipality in the Boyacá department. Remote sensing offers opportunities in the management of environmental incidents and with the methodology proposed in this article that starts from the acquisition of images: before a spill event and after the occurrence of the incident, it proposes an alternative management by of the public and private sector to act more expeditiously in these situations that affect the environment.Ítem Análisis multitemporal para la detección de cambios en el Municipio de Socha Boyacá y Popayán Cauca utilizando imágenes de ultra alta resolución espacialGonzález Herreño, David Eduardo; Medina Daza, Rubén JavierRemote Sensing has several applications, by processing satellite images it is possible to obtain high-level spatial information, thus in Google Earth Engine -GEE it is possible to deploy Machine Learning -ML classifiers to identify Land Use Land Cover- LULC data, these classifications are inputs in different studies, in this case for implementing Multipurpose Cadastre in Colombia, it requires targeting efforts in specific territories. With this work, we pretend to identify the spatial changes that could take place in the case study Socha Boyaca and in the validation case Popayan Cauca between 2015 and 2020, using Vexcel Ultracam D very high spatial resolution images provide by IGAC, the accuracy of different ML classifiers available in GEE was assessed, the results indicated Random Forest classifier showed higher accuracy than others.Ítem Análisis polarimétrico a través de “SAR Polarimetry Target Analysis” como apoyo para obtener coberturas de la tierra con la metodología Corine Land Cover.Parra Garzón, Juan Carlos; Herrera Escorcia, José LuisThe constant research and development carried out by the scientific community to develop algorithms to obtain polarimetric information from targets captured with SAR imagery has become a useful tool for obtaining information on land cover; thus, in this research, a fully polarized image of the RADARSAT 2 programme (Quad Pol) taken on 1st September 2008 was used, located on the Bogota, which was processed with the CATALYST Professional program, formerly PCIGeomatics, in order to determine the characteristics or polarimetric signatures of land cover obtained with the CORINE Land Cover methodology (continuous urban fabric, annual or transient crops, confined crops, clean pastures, dense natural forest, planted forest, dense grassland, dense shrubland and inland waters). For this purpose, SAR image filtering processes were performed to reduce noise or speckle, such as the Lee filter 5 X 5 and BoxCar 3 X 3, and the following polarimetric decomposition algorithms were applied: Krogager, Cloude & Pottier (Entropy, alpha, beta, and anisotropy), Freeman & Durden, PHDW, Touzi and Van Zyl, as well as matrix transformation algorithms: C4R6C and C3R3C. The result layers were visually analyzed in order to infer particular characteristics and relevant as (intensity, texture, compactness, shape) for each type of land cover. Subsequently, these result layers were deployed in the SAR Polarimetry Target Analysis (SPTA) module. However, only the two filtered files and two matrix transformation files could be deployed and analyzed due to that they are totally polarized. From these four layers, polarimetric characteristics of the above-mentioned land cover were obtained by the co-polarization methods, Cloude & Pottier (H/A/α/β) and Freeman & Durden. Finally, the supervised classification was carried out through object analysis by the methods of Vector Support Machines (VSM) and Random Forests (RF) on SAR images with decomposition of Krogager, Freeman & Durden and PHDW, obtaining Kappa coefficients of 0. 634, 0. 600 and 0. 637 respectively, those that fall into the very good quality classification range.Ítem Análisis y diseño de una red de sensores ópticos distribuidos de larga distancia basada en red de difracción de BraggMuñoz Nuñez, Yeny Katherine; Puerto Leguizamón, Gustavo Adolfo; Puerto Leguizamón, Gustavo Adolfo [0000-0002-6420-9693]The field of telecommunications has been growing rapidly in recent decades, which has influenced the development of new technologies such as fiber optics and their applications. Optical fibers have been widely used as a transmission medium for data communication networks and local area networks (LAN) for many years. Under its light weight, compact size and bandwidth, optical fibers have appropriate characteristics to replace conventional copper cable networks. However, taking into account the broad advantages of fiber optics, research projects in this area go beyond data transmission; among the topics that can be found in this branch fiber optic sensors are developed. Some features that have been decisive when promoting research of fiber optic sensors are the unique advantages they offer, such as immunity to electromagnetic interference, low weight and volume, long life, among others. Based on the established, this proposal presents the design of a network of optical sensors using the network topology national fiber optic project (PNFO). This was done in order to take advantage of the largest national fiber optic network in the country, in an optical sensing technology that has been developed to the point that today can be measured almost any physical variable of interest.Ítem Análisis y evaluación del riesgo por inundación en la Planta de Tratamiento de Agua Residual (PTAR) del municipio de La Plata HuilaBenavides Godoy, Jeisson Enrique; Rocha Salamanca, Luz AngelaThe objective of this article was based on the application of a probabilistic model to analyze the vulnerability of flood risk for the wastewater treatment plant PTAR of the municipality of La Plata Huila. It was decided to use quantitative research. As a result, for the analysis sections, the velocity range for the return period of 2.33 years is 1 m/s and 1.20 m/s, for 25 years it is 2.3 m/s and 3.1 m/s, and finally for 100 years it corresponds to 1.5 m/s and 4.5 m/s. In this way, it is possible to visualize that by generating sectorized flood zones along the section, the velocity distribution develops along the entire cross section, not only in the channel section, thus making it possible to identify at which point of the hydrograph the velocity will be reduced and how long it will take for the affected areas to achieve their return. In conclusion, through the hydrometeorological analyses, it was determined that the urban drought characterization, under the implementation of the Soil Conservation Service (SCS) model, corresponds to a Curve Number of 59, which refers to a zone of moderate Type 76 to 38 mm/h. Additionally, based on these results and through the application of the SCS model, the peak flow for the study area with respect to the 100-year return period corresponds to 688.15 m³/s.Ítem Análisis, definición e implementación de una plataforma de pruebas IoT para el Semillero de Investigación SCISENFerro Ecobar, Roberto; Rodríguez Cossío, Hans; Ferro Escobar, RobertoIn the development of the proposed internship within the LIDER research group, which was carried out during the academic period 2021-I, the need for this type of work in the leverage of research projects based on the collection of information from smart cities was evidenced. In multiple digital interviews with members of the SCISEN research seedbed, it was possible to understand in more detail the growing interest in the development of IoT applications to solve many social and industrial problems, which can be addressed by students of the Universidad Distrital.Ítem Antena integrada a un panel solar para satélite Cubesat 1U en banda S(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Avendaño Rodríguez, Fidel Augusto; Suárez Fajardo, CarlosLas antenas microstrip son apropiadas para su integración a los paneles de circuito impreso (PCB) de muchos sistemas de comunicación en el rango de las microondas y actualmente representan una familia de antenas compactas y de bajo costo. En este proyecto se investigó en primer lugar la posibilidad de construir una antena microstrip que pueda ser integrada al panel solar del módulo 1U de los satélites CubeSat y en segundo lugar la posibilidad de agregar una cámara de video a la estructura anterior. Para la primera parte de la investigación se diseñó, construyó y parametrizó un antena microstrip de ranuras radiantes cruzadas polarizadas circularmente en un plano de tierra cuadrado con cavidad posterior y frecuencia central de 2,45 GHz.Ítem Aplicación de machine learning para la orientación en la toma de decisiones frente al uso agrícola apropiado del suelo para zonas con cultivos ilícitos en ColombiaMatta Monroy, Nancy Johana; Vera Parra, Nelson Enrique; Vera Parra, Nelson Enrique [0000-0002-5159-9207]The eradication of crops for illicit use in Colombia is the closest thing to a chimera: according to figures from the Drug Observatory, the source that offers official numbers on this matter, in 2018, 59,977 hectares of coca were eradicated manually, a laudable effort but that, without a doubt, falls short compared to the 169,018 hectares of coca registered that same year in the country. Agriculture in Colombia plays an important role in the economy and employment, although there is a common difficulty among Colombian farmers, which is that they do not choose the right crop based on productivity, climatic conditions, biota and soil properties, therefore productivity and quality are affected. The main objective of the research was to guide decision-making in determining the best agricultural use of the land where there are illicit crops in Colombia, through the application of machine learning, where as the main product an orientation instrument was obtained for growers who want replace illicit crops based on soil properties, climatic and biotic conditions, and productivity. For the development of this, the Knowledge Discovery in Databases KDD process was applied. The study evidenced that the best automatic methods to predict the substitutable crop are those based on Random Forest and that the learning application is an important decision support tool for crop prediction.Ítem Una aplicación que estime el nivel de responsabilidad de un conductor en un accidente automovilístico basado en el análisis de imágenes implementando aprendizaje de máquina.Saenz Blanco, Deisy Johanna; Castillo Méndez, Luis EduardoThis project whose objective is to make an initial contribution to the resolution of traffic accidents, developing an application that allows capturing the scene of the accident, and with the help of techniques such as computer vision and machine learning, objects are detected and the distances, so that, from these, and from parameters received by the application, the probability that the vehicle was the culprit can be estimated.Ítem Aproximación al modelamiento del enrutamiento en redes GMPLS con fines de optimización de recursosAriza Agámez, Danilo de Jesús; Salcedo Parra, Octavio JoséIn this work basic concepts of GMPLS-based technology, with emphasis on routing, which is the exchange of information required before performing route calculation networks is reviewed. It takes into account that communications via the Internet, supported by the Internet Service Providers (ISP), daily show higher requirements, forcing the ISP to make efficient use of their resources while meeting the needs of their subscribers. GMPLS, is perhaps the most called to contribute for such purposes due to the separation of control plane and data and design appropriately oriented resource management protocols, however, the underlying communications complexities make the calculation Route an equally complex task due to various constraints imposed by these communications. Calculating restricted routes has led to extensive research on optimization, in order to achieve efficient algorithms. To carry out this work has been directed to look mathematical treatment of the problem of calculation of multiple best paths subject to multiple restrictions, the use of a set of algorithmic blocks is proposed and excels in them the importance of calculating the best K routes (KSP) from a graph. Speech elements mathematical algorithms adopted, implementations thereof is performed and evidence supporting operation performed occurs.