Maestría en Ingeniería Industrial
URI permanente para esta colecciónhttp://hdl.handle.net/11349/19
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Ítem Algoritmo Memético Autoadaptativo para Solución de Problemas CombinatoriosBernal Peña, Yuri Cristian; Ortiz Dávila, Álvaro EnriqueThe problems of combinatorial optimization are problems of high complexity, whose best solutions have been given through the use of metaheuristics. Memetic Algorithms (MA) hybridize a Genetic Algorithm (GA) with a Local Search Algorithm (LS), resulting in a metaheuristic with advantages in global and local exploration. The present investigation proposes an MA that adjusts during the exploration the methods and parameters of Local Search depending of the population diversity, and in that adjustment the algorithm innovates also making explorations for the infactible space of solutions. The Self Adaptive MA is tested using the knapsack problem.Ítem Análisis comparativo de la incidencia de la estructura organizacional de una asociación de recicladores y una empresa de gestión de residuos aprovechables, en la utilidad operacional, en el marco del servicio público de aseo en su actividad de aprovechamientoVelásquez Melo, William; Bohórquez Arévalo, Luz Esperanza; 0000-0001-8401-3471; Bohórquez Arévalo, Luz Esperanza [0000-0001-8401-3471]The main objective of the proposed research is to understand and analyze the organizational dynamics, in addition to making an approximation to the cost structure of existing recycler associations in Bogotá, within the framework of the public cleaning service in its utilization component. There are environmental, governmental, commercial, and internal customer requirements for these recycler associations, which force these organizations to seek different organizational alternatives that adapt to their operational and administrative conditions. It seeks to validate through a simulation based on system dynamics, the financial viability of the organizational structure proposed by the Special Administrative Unit of Public Services UAESP, determining the cost structure and the equilibrium point to correctly guarantee the operation, compared to the provision of the public cleaning service in its utilization component for the city of Bogotá D.C. - Colombia.Ítem Análisis de la coordinación de actores en la distribución de ayudas de la respuesta logística humanitaria de última milla desde el enfoque de análisis de contenidoSamantha Julieta, Garzón Garcia; Rueda Velasco, Feizar Javier; Rueda Velasco, Feizar Javier [0000-0002-0109-9204]Natural disasters imply a disturbance in society dynamics, in which multiple social, environmental and economic impacts occur. The cycle of humanitarian operations involved in disaster management contemplates phases prior to the event called mitigation and preparation, as well as response and recovery subsequent phases. The response phase is understood as the operational stage in which the community faces the immediate and short-term effects of the disaster. In this scenario, demands arise to meet urgent requirements for the rescue, search and evacuation of people, as well as the quick supply of basic goods such as food, water, shelter and medical services. To attend to these demands, multiple supply chains with a diversity of actors are suddenly activated in the field creating a socio-technical system, i.e., a social network that makes and executes technical decisions for supply flow. These systems are handled by humanitarian logistics and have been characterized as complex, highly uncertain and with multiple challenges, among which the actor’s coordination stands out as one of the most influential factors in improving the effectiveness of response systems. The purpose of this document is to explore the coordination of actors in humanitarian logistics, in particular, the distribution of last-mile aid, considered as the cumulative effect of decision-making in the last link of the supply chain, where the final delivery of aid is made to the victims or demand points. This exploration is done through a mixed approach, with a methodology that begins with the collection of empirical data from four study cases of real events, which collected 191 press articles, 68 reports, 47 communications, 17 videos and 5 external investigations. Sources analysis was addressed through the content analysis technique aimed at the characterization of decision criteria used for the distribution of last-mile humanitarian aid, which is analyzed from the relationships between the attributes included in the analysis: (i) disaster, (ii) type of actor, (iii) publication time and (iv) detailed rule for aid assignation. From the data, the Multiple Correspondence Analysis ACM is proposed as the statistical technique to identify the attributes correlations. Results show a greater correlation between the type of actor and the type of rule used for the distribution, as well as between the type of disaster and the type of distribution rule. These findings allow to make conclusions and recommendations for further research that considers how the nature of the actors involved leads them to make decisions around a preferred set of rules for aid distribution and how these preferences impact the aggregate or global behavior of the response.Ítem Análisis de la Eficiencia Relativa en el Sistema Judicial Colombiano como Funciones de Producción, Mediante Análisis Envolvente de Datos (DEA).Hernández Melgarejo, Víctor Hugo; Pinzón Rueda, Wilson AlexanderThis project reflects the methodological proposal that it is recommended to apply to characterize and analyze the Colombian judicial system that allows to evaluate its relative efficiency, based on the data immersion analysis (DEA), mathematical modeling and statistical techniques. For this purpose, the problem, its identification and justification, began as a basis for initiating the development of this project. After defining the general objective and the specific objectives, the data available in the SIERJU registers (Statistical Information System of the Judicial Branch) were used, other sources handled by the General Prosecutor of the Nation and investigated in the data immersion analysis (DEA) as a methodology that deepened and identified the current situation of the system, which analyzed the production functions, input variables and output variables (products) that were established in each subsystem / process (DMU's). After having the initial diagnosis as input, according to the defined scenarios, the mathematical model was developed where its consistency was verified through statistical techniques, it was chosen and applied between the methods of involving analysis (DEA), the system model Colombian judiciary in order to analyze their relative efficiency and identified the potential improvements of the subsystem / process identified as relatively inefficient. Finally the information obtained was synthesized and the conclusions of the research work were made, in order to explain the results obtained.Ítem Análisis de los impactos del conocimiento en las capacidades de gestión tecnológica, para empresas que prestan servicios de calibraciónRíos Martínez, Leidy Liliana; Sáenz Blanco, FabiolaTechnology management is one of the disciplines that is generating growing interest in the field of strategic management. At the same time, it can be defined as a systematic set of processes aimed at the planning, organization and execution of activities related to the evaluation, acquisition and implementation of key technologies for the fulfillment of the strategic objectives of an organization; with the aim of generating competitive products and / or services from the use of its technological capacity (Jaimes Fuentes, Ramirez Prada, Vargas, & Carrillo Caicedo, 2011). In this research, technology management is conceived as the process of managing the development of technology, its implementation and dissemination in the industrial, public and private sectors and in society in general. In addition, it implies the management of the innovation process through Research and Development (R&D), which includes the introduction and use of technology in products, in industrial processes, and in other structural and functional areas of the company, as well as well as the use of this knowledge in solving the different problems of society, human beings and the environment. Technological management is the instrument that links the productive sector and research-development in the technological innovation process; which requires conceptual and executive preparation and is carried out to support technological innovation processes that allow the identification of technological needs and opportunities and implies a capacity to manage technical change. To date, technology management in the company is the application of a set of practices that allow it to establish a technology strategy consistent with its business plans. In the business environment, technology management is revealed in its plans, policies and strategies for the acquisition, use and creation of technology, as well as when innovation is assumed as the axis of business development strategies. It is also evident when in the culture of companies it is possible to "create an innovative mentality, focused on lifelong learning that supports the growth of long-term competitiveness" (Villavicencio, 2002). However, it should be noted that technology is mistakenly thought of as an aspect that has to do only with production activities through questions about how to improve an existing product, how to engineer a new one, and how to make more products. In a company that has incorporated technology management into its culture, its own activities are incorporated into its value chain and are carried out systematically through basic processes that develop technology management functions, processes that integrate technology skills, management skills and resources available in the company to fulfill its purposes, objectives, strategies and operations. These processes also involve the use of data, information and knowledge, as well as the social interaction of people in the creation of knowledge and the development of innovations for the creation of value and competitive advantages according to (Grant R. M., 1996),Ítem Análisis y diseño de políticas para el control y regulación hidrográfica del cauce del río Bogotá en las cuencas alta, media y baja utilizando dinámica de sistemasJoya Suárez, César Leonardo; González Rodríguez, Leonardo JoséThe Project presents the Analysis, Design and Construction of Hydrographic Regulation and Control Policies through Tests and Results of a Model Based on System Dynamics, in the Bogotá River, in the High, Medium and Low Basins. 10 main areas are taken into account: child and child phenomena, precipitation, tributary flow, runoff and groundwater, floods, consumption, reservoir or causes, evapotranspiration downloads and drains, control level and water balance, all this based on yes there are or not climatic phenomena.Ítem Analítica de datos para importaciones y exportaciones de Colombia a partir de datos abiertosGaray Leal, Hector Arturo; Ordoñez Salinas, Sonia del CarmenIn this work, analytical and business intelligence techniques are applied to open data on imports and exports from Colombia and a real-time tool is created - subject to updating the information provided by the virtual sites used - on the trade balance. Open data sources on Colombian imports and exports are analyzed and managed; The indicators and KPIs to be taken into account are determined, the appropriate analytical techniques are proposed to model and project time series that allow to raise the indicators and KPIs, find relationships and patterns from the data previously extracted; the development of a prototype of a BI tool on the trade balance is proposed that allows managing the indicators, relationships and previously defined patterns, in real time and from the open data extracted, updated, added, analyzed and standardized automatically.Ítem Aproximación a un modelo multiagente para domiciliarios urbanosSilva Aparicio, José David; Álvarez Pomar, Lindsay; Álvarez Pomar, Lindsay [0000-0002-8818-0901]Context: There is a need to understand why fast-food couriers cluster in specific points of a city (Bogotá in this case) due to the rise of shared economy applications such as Rappi, Uber Eats, Domicilios.com, and other fast-food delivery apps. Additionally, there is an interest in comprehending the key factors influencing the emergence of these clusters. Method: Information was collected from primary sources and subsequently refined using statistical methods and expert systems, identifying the relevant variables that allowed for the formulation of a model and ultimately determining the appropriate simulation methodology for this case. Results: In contrast to the initial hypothesis that the primary motivation for couriers to gather in specific city points was to maximize the number of orders (income), factors such as safety, convenience, and above all, friendship, proved to be decisive for these agglomerations. Conclusions: The homogeneity of general characteristics among the population working as couriers turns out to be a crucial factor in explaining the emergence of clusters in specific city points.Ítem La auto-organización empresarial como alternativa para incrementar la agilidad organizacional: una comparación de escenarios de simulación multi-agentePosada Pinzón, Jorge Eliécer; Bohórquez Arévalo, Luz EsperanzaOne of the features that has characterized the mainstream of thought in the management of organizations and organizational engineering has been the use of hierarchical control structures; however, the high levels of interdependence that characterize the current environment generated by globalization and technological developments have led to this approach generating slowness in the response to change and, consequently, diminishing the ability to meet business objectives. To date an alternative to overcome this problem is found in theories of self-organization broadly addressed from the sciences of complexity. Research in this area in the business system is at an early stage, and there is still insufficient empirical evidence of the advantages offered by the ability to adjust to changing conditions of self-organized systems over systems with hierarchical control schemes in the business environment. In this project, the design, coding and verification of a multi-agent simulation model was made, that allows comparing the speed of response to the change of a business organization in which the structures of hierarchical control predominate with that of a business organization in which self-organization predominates. It is expected that the results obtained allow to project wide research paths around the ways to self-organize business systems, mainly due to the high levels of agility and organizational flexibility that can be achieved.Ítem Cadena de valor del proceso logístico de las empresas floricultoras del departamento de CundinamarcaArteaga Sarmiento, Wilfrido Javier; Rodríguez Molano, José Ignacio; González, Abraham JesusFor an organization to be competitive, it requires providing goods and services to customers, when, how and where they are required; This is achieved, through valuable activities, framed within the logistics process, for being responsible for this mission. A tool to manage these activities is through the value chain, which allows directing the efforts of organizations to improve the results of the supply of value to customers. Under this context, the present investigation arose, with the purpose of analyzing the value chain of the logistics process in the companies of the floricultural sector of the Department of Cundinamarca. The study was typified as descriptive, non-experimental and transversal. The information was collected through three questionnaires, one for the 23 internal clients of the logistics process, consisting of 50 questions; the second addressed to the 76 suppliers of this process, addressing 10 questions and the third with 60 questions for the 33 workers in the logistics area of the companies studied. The questionnaires were designed with estimation questions, all of which were validated by the judgment of five experts. A census was applied to the three populations in order to collect the information. The information collected generated data that allows us to affirm that it is possible to establish the value chain of the logistics process of the companies in the floricultural sector of the Department of Cundinamarca, with its own structure, consisting of fundamental and support activities, and their value generators; managed through six strategic guidelines to concentrate the efforts of these companies in the generation of value.Ítem Caracterización de las comunidades negras, afrocolombianas, raizales y palenqueras, para la formulación de políticas del deporte.Hurtado Vergel, Oscar; Romero Villalobos, OswaldoThis research initiative arises from a need to know the most important features of the Afro-descendant communities in Colombia and its participation in the implementation of strategies and policies to promote the sport, in the absence of analysis documents of these communities in the sports area, it is proposed the document as a tool for exploration. Find elements of judgment and an overview of this ethnic group in the national territory, which in future will allow the formulation of strategies and actions for the integral development of the african-american population, black, Raizal and palenquera.Ítem Cocreación en Mipymes del Sector Lácteo en Bogotá: Modelo de Procesos de AprendizajeRodríguez Chala, Olga Alexandra; Tarazona Bermúdez, Giovanny MauricioMSMEs in different sectors in Colombia, have the need to strengthen competitive, sustainable and sustainable benefits to respond, adapt and survive on the marketing be competitive in the market; for this MSMEs they should be based on different approaches ranging from knowledge management, innovation and ICT, continuous improvement, and Co-Creation. MSMEs in Colombia, represent a large proportion of employment, industrialization and wages, and that is why organizations like the Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Tourism, the regional Chambers of Commerce, the Ministry of Information Technology and Communications, among others, they are betting on the growth of this market, generating investment projects to consolidate and generate a high level of competitiveness against other leading countries in the sector. The use of Information Technology and Communications - TIC`s to encourage the participation of different actors, constitutes an essential tool for competitive international dairy activity and improve decision-making in the sector. Through the integration of knowledge management, innovation, continuous improvement and Co-Creation, strengthening the powers of MSMEs, generating benefits via Vertical and horizontal integration is possible, involving customers or consumers in the process generating products or customizing them. This project aims to propose a model of co-creation based on management knowledge to innovate in the dairy sector as a means of adaptation and survival, differentiation and competitiveness of the sector and as a tool for decision making.Ítem Configuración de redes de asistencia social como soporte a la logística en atención de desastres- Caso Leche Liconsa – Ciudad de MéxicoMarroquín Ávila, Jhonatan; Rueda Velasco, Feizar JavierAs a complement to the classification of logistics structures for disaster response, proposed by José Holguín-Veras, Jaller, & Wachtendorf in 2012, a potential structure has been identified, not yet contemplated in the literature, which is based on the use from the logistics networks of social assistance programs (LNSAP), in support of the disaster response network. This is based on the fact that the LNSAP have characteristics that are considered of great benefit for the eventual logistical support in post-disaster situations, as they are commonly managed by the State, have detailed records of the beneficiary population and have extensive knowledge of the community social leaders, representing potential benefits in contributing to rapid response in the last mile of disaster response. In this regard, this work presents different alternatives in which the logistics infrastructure capacity of the logistics networks of a social assistance program is used to support disaster relief efforts, acting as the first respondent in the last mile of aid delivery. . The quantitative results were obtained through mathematical models of linear programming and the crossing with geographic information systems, with them, the degree of support in which LNSAPs can supply the demand for humanitarian aid was determined in scenarios that vary both in risk and in the volume of requirements of the affected population. To do this, it was implemented in the LICONSA´s milk Social Supply Program in Mexico City (CDMX) based on the September 2017 earthquake and the city's seismic risk atlas.Ítem Construcción de un Modelo Estocástico para la Eficiencia Global de los Equipos (OEE)Sanchez Silva , Rocio Andrea; Benitez Forero, Jaime AntonioIn environments operational efficiency its used the metrics to measure the overall efficiency of equipment and production lines (OEE). This is a metric developed in environments TPM that integrate availability, performance and quality obtained in the equipment. This indicator is strategic, which can be very well used for robust planning and decision making in general is not used properly, because only KPI is calculated as reference, without going into further analysis is behavior. Here are presented an stochastic model proposed for OEE, which allows you to change the paradigm of its analysis. Taking as a starting point the fact that the OEE has a random behavior, because it is affected by many uncertain factors occurring within the operation of a machine or production line. From the proposed model, several practical considerations of its use and application are made. The main consideration is related witn to the variability analyzey of OEE, because it is very important with the ultimate goal of operational efficiency and decision makingÍtem Construcción de un modelo para diagnosticar y pronosticar el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes del proyecto curricular de ingeniería catastral de la Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas, utilizando series de tiempo y machine learning.Galvis Berrio, John Felipe; Fuentes López, Héctor JavierThis document presents the research for the construction of a diagnostic and prognostic model of the academic performance of the Cadastral Engineering curricular project using the tools of time series and Machine Learning. An analysis of the results obtained in the preliminary investigations is documented. The purpose is to know the general characteristics of the student and the motivations for abandoning the Engineering career, in this way to be able to predict which processes or activities can be improved over time to improve the student's academic performance. Consequently, the contribution of time series and machine learning will be evaluated and determined to arrive at statistical data results with reliable and effective results for decision making.Ítem Construcción de un modelo para predecir el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes de ingeniería electrónica de la Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas mediante algoritmos de redes neuronales con aprendizaje automáticoGonzalez Rojas, Karen Tatiana; Rodríguez Molano, José IgnacioThis work seeks to develop an academic performance prediction model using neural network algorithms with machine learning, developed in the electronic engineering career of the Francisco José de Caldas District University, data collection is done through the office of Systems consultancy of the District University where the anonymous data of the people admitted between the years 2008 to 2020 and their career path are obtained, the variables associated with the different factors, are collected, defined, compared, classified and selected for then train the chosen machine learning algorithms. The performance measures of these are analyzed and the required adjustments are made, to proceed to carry out a cross-validation of the model, this in order to provide support for future research that seeks to control academic performance and reduce the rates. associated as desertion.Ítem Desarrollo de un modelo de satisfacción del cliente basado en herramientas de diseño de producto y marketing emocionalGuayacán Conde, Juan Sebastián; Sáenz Blanco, Fabiola; Sáenz Blanco, Fabiola [0000-0003-0040-1296]This research presents the development of a customer satisfaction model based on product design tools and emotional marketing applied in a Colombian company that produces and markets food products; For this, a model is proposed based on three components: Functional, emotional and economic. The validation of the proposed variables was carried out from structural equations, for their subsequent verification through the Kano Model and multilayer perceptron neural networks.Ítem Determinación del nivel de inventario de los recursos críticos a nivel agregado, en los nodos del sistema logístico humanitario colombiano, necesarios para atender un desastre de origen natural y de ocurrencia súbitaRomero Laiton, Camilo Alejandro; González Rodríguez, Leonardo JoséLast decades, the number of natural disasters has increased and Colombia has been part of this phenomenon. The humanitarian logistic has the great responsability to produce strategies to recover the welfare of the population, It has to assurance that aid arrives as soon as possible with the correct quantities. The pre-positioning of the resources and aid is an strategy to agilize the emergency attention. Through the application of the systems dynamics and the resource-constrained project scheduling problem (RCPSP), in the Colombia’s humanitarian logistic system, is determinated the relation between initial inventory level of the agregated critics resources and the time to attend a natural and unexpected disaster.Ítem Diseño de estrategias para la viabilidad de incorporación de energía fotovoltaica en Mipymes de Bogotá, en el marco de la Ley 1715 de 2014Angulo Angulo, Aneider Sahedy; Espinel Ortega, ÁlvaroThis research work aims to propose alternatives for the incorporation of photovoltaic solar energy in the micro, small and medium colombian companies, in the context of Law 1715 of 2014, for this in the first instance characterize the energy consumption of the MSMEs of the city of Bogotá, taking as sample the entrepreneurs of the manufacturing sector belonging to section C of the Uniform International Industrial Classification -CIIU- established by the DANE and supervised by the Chamber of Commerce of each city, evaluating technical, economic and environmental aspects of possible solutions solar energy applied to MSMEs in order to improve the efficiency of production processes, taking advantage of the incentives of Law 1715 of 2014. Countries such as México and Spain are recognized worldwide for having a broad development in renewable energy. In the research project, a state of the art is developed that allows comparing these countries with ours, with topics to be discussed such as regulations, technology and important projects related to renewable energies, mainly solar photovoltaics to find techniques, ideas, methods and potential projects that allow our companies to improve at the energy level. A survey is carried out to the MSMEs of the manufacturing sector of Bogotá, in order to know the consumption, costs, billing and energy needs, also included questions about the knowledge of Law 1715 of 2014, and if they are interested and willing to participate of projects to implement this technology that involve the incentives offered by the Law to generate their own energy in the productive sectors. The survey was the basis for proposing energy solutions through technical and economic analysis to MSMEs to formulate solar photovoltaic backup prototypes and thus meet the energy demand in the company. The incentives offered by Law 1715 of 2014, are evaluated through the prototypes presented, making known the returns and savings that, at the time of implementation in MSMEs, it improves the competitiveness of the provision of services and the production of product at the energetic. Finally, some strategies are shown, based on the results of technological surveillance and competitive intelligence and the analysis of prototypes, integrating the bonds of Law 1714 of 2014, and incorporated into the productive chains of photovoltaic solar energy, providing the necessary tools and precautions for the productivity and competitiveness of the MSMEs.Ítem Diseño de metodología integral de implementación de manufactura esbelta en el contexto colombiano.Ospina Jiménez, Luz Angela; López Bello, César AmílcarIntroduction: This article is a product of the "Design of a comprehensive methodology for the Lean Manufacturing implementation in the Colombian context" research, carried out during 2019, 2020 and 2021 in Bogotá, Cundinamarca. Challenge: Existing Lean Manufacturing implementation methodologies do not take into account the organizational culture aspects of the country in which it is being developed, making it difficult for its full implementation. Objective: Present a comprehensive implementation methodology that increases the successful Lean Manufacturing application in the Colombian industry. Methodology: This article presents the review and analysis of the existing implementation methodologies and the results of the analysis of problems in implementation processes in the Colombian industry, as well as the comprehensive implementation methodology designed. Results: To achieve a successful Lean Manufacturing implementation in the Colombian context, it’s necessary to carry out an adequate implementation process’ follow-up, the company's Senior Managers commitment, the definition of appropriate leaders for the implementation process and the adequate personnel training. Conclusion: This project seeks to develop a flexible methodology that adapts to organizational conditions. Originality: This research integrates key success factors associated with the Colombian context in the implementation’s methodology. Limitations: The size of the sample to diagnose the Lean Manufacturing implementation degree in the Colombian industry, from which the key success factors are taken to be included in the methodology.